Essay one Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

One - Essay ExampleEducation helps the good citizen building process immensely. Under such circumstances, it is logical to argue that the responsibility of giving education to the public is the duty of a nation. If that is true, there is no pane in arguing against making education free. It should be noted that India like emerging countries argon currently developing rapidly because of their immense educated manpower resources. the States like countries is currently struggle because of the shortage of skilled manpower. For example, absolute majority of the nurses working in Ameri skunk hospitals are from overseas countries. Same way, majority of the American IT jobs are currently outsourced to countries like India because of the lack of availability of IT professionals in America. totally these examples clearly point towards the necessities of making more educated and skilled people in America.According to Rajesh Gandhi (2009), Higher education is thoroughgoing right for a decen t livelihood (Gandhi). Higher education is an expensive act in America now. The recent recession destroyed the financial backbone of many families. I belong to an ordinary family and I know very well how the recent recession caused financial troubles in my family. My parents forced to cut push down all unnecessary expenses to escape from the recession. My ambitions for higher studies would also be in danger, had I failed to get some(a) scholarships from the government. There are plenty of callownesss who failed to go for higher studies because of financial problems. It is difficult for an ordinary American youth to afford the expenses of college education without financial assistance from the government in the form of educational loans or scholarships. All these facts clearly suggest that it is better to make education free in America. Taxpayers money can be made use for making the education free since educated people contribute to the gild in one way or another.On the other hand , there are plenty of

HS2- cost vs benefits Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

HS2- cost vs benefits - Dissertation ExampleTABLE 1 Report of HSR Documents in the UK course of study REPORT AUTHOR KEY NOTES February, 2004 High hurrying Rail International comparisons Commission for Integrated transport (CfIT) Geographical and demographic factors created differences in international markets. The current complainway net income in Britains network was in order. The check network substance was good. 2005 High Speed Line Study WS Atkins A think made on overcrowding of lines. There was need for investment in HSR with a check on scotch wooing. 2016 proposed as the opening date for the project. December, 2006 The Eddington Transport Study Sir Rod Eddington The long distance data links never provided disclose connectivity in relation to the local connections that are short distanced. Doubts on real benefits of HSR considered. HSR could non reduce nose candy emission. Other viable options for transport in long distances considered of lower costs than HSR. June , 2007 HS2 Proposition, the WCRL corridor Greengauge21 Due to capacity shortfall, HS2 proposed as the best option to solve the crisis. The costs earlier predicted about HSR seen as not logical. HSR network offered a continuation for HS1. A growth predicted on demand for WCML which will boost connection in the corridor and boost economic growth. January, 2009 High Speed Two Department for Transport The new politics to consider construction of HS2. HS2 Company to be created so that it deals with network planning. HSR to address the problem of overcrowding. September, 2009 The case for new lines Network Rail A network configuration and service pattern proposal created. capital of the United Kingdom was considered to be the main area in focus. WCML was the first HST alignment to be built. September, 2009 A step in advance Greengauge21... This research will begin with the background knowledge on high amphetamine rail. The high speed rail entered the UK in 2007 following the completion of Channel Tunnel to London. It was called Channel Tunnel Rail Link, soon referred to as High-Speed 1 or HS1. A political consensus on the construction of HSR network in UK for trains running with a maximum speed of 350 kmph is currently preferred. The next project is the construction of High Speed 2 that will connect London and the northern parts of UK. According to UK transport policy, HS2 is viewed as the most appropriate mode of transport for the region in relation to the increased demand for rail network and transport. An extensive study on the program in the year 2004 by different countries in the world revealed that UK had not implemented the High-Speed rail. Other countries like Germany, Japan, France and Spain had already adopted it. The study revealed that UK had not seen the need for High-Speed rail because of demand in the transport sector. The available modes of transport were in a position to hold the capacity. Several reports drawn from the table show that a growing demand for rail transport cannot be met with the current network and therefore a viable solution should be seek to hold the situation. A further forecast for the future has enhanced its implementation. The reason backing HS2 was deficiency of capacity in UK rail network. The proposal for HS2 by Rail Network was after wide-awake consideration on possible alternatives using WCML alignment.

Customer Relationship Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Customer Relationship Management - Essay ensampleThe paper tells that concealing refers to a state of in the flesh(predicate) information being kept free from unofficial intrusion. It is concerned with the handling and protection of personal information that is sensitive. Individuals often give such information in the course of everyday business. On the other hand, info security is a means of ensuring that personal data is kept safe from corruption and access suitably managed and controlled. The differences between privacy and data security ar important in handling guest information. This is the reason many organizations have staff responsible for data security totally separated from those in charge of privacy. The differences will ensure that the company responsibly uses guest data to avoid legal suits related to misuse of customer information. It will also help in mental synthesis customer trust. Building customer trust is vital for the companys success. This is because i t has the impact of building or breaking customer loyalty with the company. For this reason, customers prefer that their private information be kept secret, only when being disclosed to authorized persons under their consent. It is, therefore, important that the company maintain both data privacy and security. Customers mainly trust those companies that they believe maintain a high degree of privacy and security of their information. However, companies that do not maintain security and privacy of customers data may not be able to ensure customers trust. This in most cases resulted in legal action by customers who feels aggrieved by making water of their personal information... Selladurai, (n.d) notes that companies that apply mass customization realized many positive outcomes. The advantages they attribute to the incident that mass customization change magnitude their market share, customer satisfaction, expanded customer knowledge, and reduced their ramble response time. Other s reported reduced manufacturing cost, which resulted in increased profits. Customers benefit from the fact that they are reasonably priced, and products are manufactured in accordance with their personal preferences and specifications. Disadvantages of circumstances Customization Companies that practice mass customization reported a number of disadvantages. Most notable one is the fact that it increases the cost of production. This is due to the use of premium cost that the manufacturing system incurs for factoring in the flexibility of customization, and for sacrificing a certain degree of cost efficiency that is associated with standardization. Mass customization also lowers on time delivery to the customers. It lowers supplier delivery performance due to uncertainty in customer specification, which result in increased order response time. The method may also result in low product quality. On the customers point of view, mass customization result in increased lay over time. Thi s makes the product prevail longer to reach them. Customers are also not given a chance to return a customized product in case they are unsatisfied with the quality (Selladurai, n.d). Types of Mass Customization Component Sharing Modularity Mass Customization In this case, component swapping modularity is used to customize products by reusing a functional module across a variety of products. It can be a single motor across the power tools or in case

International finance Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International finance - Case playing field Examplehy debt to equity ratio for a business should be such that the equity is high than the debt, since it is solitary(prenominal) then, that a business can demonstrate its ability to correct its debts using its own resources, without borrowing outwardly (Tyran, 198638). However, the debt to equity ratio of NDP points to the fact that the friendships financial position is not healthy, since the company had a debt to equity ratio of 100% (Moffet & Adelson, 201144). This means that the companys debt is equal to the companys own resources and as such, should the financial crisis extend for long, the company cannot remain with any resources to continue its operations, since it would use all of its resources to pay up debts.The other pointer to the unhealthy financial status of the NDP is the high interest expense which the company is incurring. The increase in the debt levels of the company has a corresponding increase on the cost of capi tal, in ashes of the interest charges (Moffet & Adelson, 201144). Thus, considering that the interest expenses for NDP are systematically increasing, with the company having an interest expense of HK$102 by December 2008, solely the same increasing to HK$480 in millions by march 2009 (Moffet & Adelson, 201143). This simply means that the company is obtaining its capital at very high costs, which are then unhealthy for the operation of the company.The other issue that indicates that the financial status f NDP is not healthy is its boodle ratio. The earnings ratio measures the rate at which the business is up to(p) to generate revenues, after it has paid costs of generating the revenues, such as interests, taxes and depreciation of the assets applied towards generating the revenues (McClure, 2011n.p). For example the earnings of the NDP by September 2008, was HK$ 3,988 million, but the same had reduced to HK$ 2,049 million by March 2009, indicating that the revenues for the compan y were consistently reducing (Moffet & Adelson, 201143). This is a pointer

Famuss car rental Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Famuss gondola machine rental - Essay ExampleBy doing a officious market research, the current trends, customer car rental habits and the intensity of rivalry among the breathing rivals might be easily analysed. Along with this, market segmentation is to a fault done to determine the target customers among others. Other than this, this analyse alike presents the unique selling proposition that might easily fascinate the customers towards itself among many other existing rival players in the market. And finally, the essay might also include a conclusion and a testimony as well, that may enhance the operations and functions of the business in long run.The aims and objective of Famuss car rentalThe prime objective of Famuss car rental is to offer value-added services to its customers at a agonistic price so as to fulfil their level of satisfaction. This might act optimistically thereby helping, Famuss car rental to enhance its position and loyalty within the hearts of the custom ers among others. Along with this, they also desire to present a very relaxing journey in all seasons so as to make it a memorable one for all its customers. This might prove effective for the organization of Famuss car rental to improve its range of customer bases and its profitability as well. As a result, its submit and image in the market of UK might also get enhanced to a significant end among many other rival players. The location of operations of Famuss car rental Famuss car rental might start up its new business in order to fulfil the demands and involve of the customers of United Kingdom as it is quite less competitive as compared to other markets in the total globe. Definition of trends The term is defined as the style or fashion or tendency of the customers of a specific region. However, the trends or preferences of the customers do not remain constant, but it keeps on changing at a rapid pace. Therefore, to cope up with the trends and preferences of the target custome rs, maximum extend of the entrepreneurs or brands desire to introduce change types of inventive features within their products or services as presented by the theory of personality (McDonald & Hawkins, n.d). Similarly, the entrepreneurs operating in the segment of rented cars always try to offer the facility of vocational tours at a quite competitive cost. This is done to fulfil the desires or interests of the customers of United Kingdom to spend short holiday trips in alter places such as London, Britain, Wales, Netherlands and many others. It is done to attain refreshment from their monotonous working schedules and this enhanced the hysteria of rented cars in these regions. Thus, such trends of the market of UK might act as a boon for the organizations like Famuss car rental to enhance its brand image and reputation in the market among others. It might also improve the

Issues in Human Resource Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Issues in Human preference Management - Assignment ExampleFurthermore, since another restaurant franchise has beaten Costa Coffee, it is essential to separate some practices that could cause the organisation to overtake Starbucks position in the future. Human resource commission might be the solution to these strategies issues, but it is critical to determine whether the characteristics in the organisation will emolument from these practices.Three areas of focus have been selected for the report, and they include why knowledge leads to better outcomes, employee engagement, commitment, and negative behaviour. It is imperative to find what training, employee engagement and negative behaviour mean in relation to the organisation. Thereafter, some studies and researches will be use to examine whether these HR strategies are helpful to institutions or not. Finally, recommendations will be made on the course forward for Costa Coffee.Costa Coffee operates in a service industry or the hospitality sector, which relies on the successful provision of services by staff members (Costa Coffee, 2014). Consumers often assess the quality of a restaurant by the experience they encounter in those facilities, so firms that grasp this concept are promising to go out of their way to exceed expectations. In the hospitality industry, it is particularly challenging to be first-class based solely on tangible elements of consumer encounters since competitors can do the same. However, maintaining personal interactions with buyers can go a long in giving a company an edge over its competitors it is at this level that companies should run into training as part of their strategy for enhancing quality of service (Pollit, 2006).Literature identifies several justifications for the use of training in the service sector generally, and restaurant businesses in particular. Companies that train their employees tend to be perceived as more professional than those who do not as this manifest s in their daily interactions. Furthermore, training is

Conflict Resolution at the St. Clare Hospital Term Paper

Conflict Resolution at the St. Clare Hospital - Term Paper ExamplePersonality affair is as well seen in the process. The CEO differs with other physicians and employees in the work process resulting into them calling for action. The hospital also faces differences in leadership. The CEO and the operation officer are willing to maintain their plan of reducing be to increase their r until nowue. However, the physicians are not buying the idea and are quite furious about it. Moreover, there is conflict of differences in working styles. The style the CEO and the operating officer are willing to buy out differs from that of the other physicians in the facility. This is resulting into lack of cooperation in the hospital resulting into more crises in the health facility. This might even be represented in their work performance resulting into lack of patients satisfaction in the end of it all (Wrench, 2013).In handling the visible work place conflict in the health facility, it is most -valuable for the CEO and other physicians to come into a consensus. They should agree on how to work out the problems arising in the health care without dwelling much on sensation part. The CEO should avoid handling the problems only if since collaboration is essential in ensuring increased revenues of the hospital.The CEO ought to schedule a meeting with the physicians together and experience their views. He should avoid siding with either outside source whose sole aim would be to menace the operations of the hospital. Each view aired by each physician should be considered and only the better(p) implemented. They should then sit down and go through the suggested ideas one by one and implementing the most important of them all. This would reduce the conflict seen with a very high rate since the physicians would view the CEO as one who respects the views of employees.The most important thing to consider is that communication is very crucial in any workplace setting. Lack of pr oper communication between

Do an analysis of the strategic capability of Toyota Manufacturing Essay

Do an analysis of the strategic capability of Toyota Manufacturing - Essay ExampleHence the explanation of the manufacturing process leave behind likewise include this factor with reference to cost efficiency. In drawbacks or absence (if any) of crucial elements will also be looked into.There is an irony that exists in the American automobile sector. While many companies are decision difficult to compete internationally due to high costs of production, Toyotas manufacturing facility in the boorish continues to grow profitably. The TPS has been copied by many companies without real success. It is only for Toyota that the dodge works irrespective of the market in which operates in manufacturing bases. One single factor for the failure of others to match the Company is that they apply it only to some(prenominal) of the department, especially production and manufacturing. Toyota on the other hand carefully describes its fabled system as an direct philosophy for guiding the managem ent of an entire enterprise. (Teresko, 2006). Unless the TPS becomes a philosophy and is applied throughout the organization, its success will be very limited. The key features that include resources of the Toyota Production System are given below. It should be tell that key manufacturing terms like just-in-time production, total quality management, lean and agile systems, re-engineering are all compound in this process. Toyota is also credited as the creator of the famous just-in-time system.3. Focusing on the pull system The pull system is one where raw materials are supplied only when it is needed by any sphere of influence of production. They then pull the product from inventory or the previous production stage. When implemented throughout the process, at that place will be no overproduction of backlog in the plant.4. If any problems are seen, the manufacturing within that sub-process is stop until they are fixed. It is better to get the quality factor right at the productio n stage itself kinda than recall an automobile after it has been sold.6. The company depends on reliable and

Summary of Empire as a Way of Life Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Summary of Empire as a sort of Life - Assignment ExampleAs a means of perceptiveness such a archetypeion from an stinting standpoint, the actor details how the United States has used its power of empire through the decades as a means of extracting valuable sensible materials from less powerful nations and nations under its ultimate influence. However, the extraction of cheap raw materials in and of itself is not enough to understand the mount extent of how empire affects the nation. Appleman notes that the ultimate reflection of economic power defined from empire is the way that the nation acts towards the markets with which it seeks to sell its goods. This of course can be seen in the way the United States has behaved historically and even currently.Similarly, the article goes on to discuss the way that empire basically affects the world view of the citizens of the imperial power. Naturally, this is done in a number of ways. The author discusses the role that media and speci fically television can play in helping to create what is ultimately a type of alter-reality in which the citizen lives fully believing that all of the benefits of freedom, low cost consumer goods, and a litany of other incidentors are merely the government issue of good fortune and a good model of governance rather than the direct byproducts of a powerful.From an abbreviation of the article and a consideration of its main topics and discussion, it has been understood by this reviewer that the author has perfectly expound the system as it has and continues to exist within the United States. Although it may not be comfortable to regard of the extravagance, cheap goods, and ultimate freedom that the American lifestyle engenders within the context of imperial conquest and prowess, the fact of the matter is that there is no more appropriate way to view the system. Moreover, a greater understanding of the determinants to American power as well as the prime motivation and constructs f or the culture as it has bounteous and continues to develop does not exist. In this particular way, the given piece has helped to open the eyes of this author with regards to the full level and extent to which the concept and applications of empire affect nearly each and every aspect of some(prenominal) material and cultural/societal life within the United States.Similarly, another powerful argument that the author raises is with regards to the way in which American imperialism did not ultimately start with the Mexican American War as so many others historians and political scientists have pointed to. Rather, it has been within the very fiber of the American consciousness since premier settlement took place. This is an important construct due to the fact that the reader should note that such a concept ties in directly with the idea of conquest and domination of the territory. Manifest Destiny, the American Civil War, the attacks on the Barbary Coast, and the lively opening of Ja pan by Admiral Perry all fall into place and make a a lot clearer and complete sense to the reader within the context of such an understanding. In this way, the author truly interjects a level of analysis in seeking to detail

BUS599 - Integrative Project, Mod 1 Case Assignment Essay

BUS599 - Integrative Project, Mod 1 Case Assignment - Essay ExampleThey have a well stretched network covering intimately places in North America and United Kingdom housed just there. The company faced great succeeder during its tenure over the past couple of course of instructions which was result of great devotion and dedication of a hardworking staff and consistently managing high standards of quality at a fairly acceptable price. thorough food is eco friendly and plays its part to reduce pollution as well as save irrigate and mineral soil. It also helps in primary(prenominal)taining your health and abides a safe and nutritional food intake lead-in to a healthy digestive tract therefore this approach has led to the consumption of fundamental and infixed food thereby increasing the sales of whole foods which is a great competitor for all others organic and natural foods in the mainstream market (Staff, 2012). Whole foods market has maintained its standard and has influenc ed the perspicacitysets of many by mirthful them towards nutrition filled healthy food. They are well known for their freshness a good lawsuit of their maintaining quality is that even the flowers they are selling are fresh and their scent can be make as soon as one enters their store. Another example of how they have revolutionized the conventional style of exploitation bananas they have converted it to a proper science by studying the change of colors to act up with it life cycle yet maintaining its freshness. They sell everything fresh without any delay in delivering the food from the farms to the markets. eve their packed ready to go meals are really fresh (Lindstrom, 2011). The mission of whole foods market is to supply their customers with a hustle free shopping experience, to play its part in helping and caring nearly the community and preservation of nature, they in ladder to develop good habits of eating and enlightens through education to all its stakeholders, prov ide healthy and good quality of organic foods and developing continuing win-win deals or partner based relation with their providers. The core values of whole foods market are primarily based on five main components firstly standard quality and their ongoing efforts to carry on with them. Secondly, to produce only organic strain of food without any harmful chemicals used. Thirdly, producing ecologically certified sea food, which has Responsibly Farmed label which clearly indicates that its the highest quality which restricts use of growth developing hormones, antibiotics etc. to ensure good standards. Fourth is that they couldnt agree on quality by using proper breeding techniques and not incorporating such harmful methods which tend to be inorganic. Lastly, they are firm believers in community service leading to prosperity and happiness by changing lives globally (Drell, 2012). The important information related to the shares of whole foods market is described here, industry out standing is $k 16,923,590 whereas the arrears remaining on shares are $k 185,520, those internal stakeholders are 8.8% and institutes which are stakeholders are 79.98%. It was sight that the return and growth in percentage fluctuated the following ways (it should be kept in mind that it is the percent change) the return for the first year was 14.76% and the fifth year growth by the generated revenue was 77.48%. The trine year return was 84.23% and the growth in the five year earning tenure became 96.15%. It is surprising that the fifth year for the return became 156.13%

Training & Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Training & Development - testify ExampleConsequently, there is a need to ensure that the company remains ahead of the competition. Management make that there is no better way to achieve this rather than through the use of training and development. (Paisley, 1999)Policies at M&S will be measured against the backdrop of best practise models. The model is ground upon the belief that when organisations adopt certain human resource strategies, they are able to make their employees highly motivated. As a result, those employees will be sleep with more efficient and they will help in the realisation of private-enterprise(a) advantage within the organisation. Best practice applies to various sectors that include retention of employees, performance improvement, enhancing and promoting training and development, enhancing corporal culture, enforcing organisational structure and also in the determination of pay costs. However, for purposes of this report, we shall mainly focus on training a nd development.The question primarily focuses on the use of secondary sources of data. This is because secondary data gives an overall picture of the situation at Marks and Spencer. It allows one to obtain all the relevant information to the research question and compile them to hail up with new answers. If primary sources like interviews had been used, it would obtain been difficult to see the overall picture as results are mostly person centred. (Schutt, 2006)Secondary data allows comparisons between different elements of the research that would otherwise have been too complex to collect using primary sources. Consequently, there are very accurate results that come out of the usage of such a source of data. (Banta, 2007)However, one must not under shade the disadvantages of this method of data collection. First of all, it does not allow the progression from developing a research question, pile up data and formulating a hypothesis

My Writing Improvements, Challenges, and Goals Essay - 1

My Writing Improvements, Challenges, and Goals - Essay ExampleI stay off repetition and redundancy. I avoid using high faluting linguistic communication, but rather I use lyric that are simple and can easily be understood.I face several challenges in my authorship. A challenge that I have to deal with is my failure to follow a specific format. I am quite confused with the APA, MLA and Harvard style. A specific problem which I encounter with regards to the different styles is the format of the in-text citations and the references. I also think that I should expand my vocabulary so as not to repeat words in a single article that I write. Another shortcoming that I have to outfit is my need to be more concise in my writing style and refrain from being as well wordy in my prose. I still find summarizing an article a challenge. I realize that I just end up copying most of the sentences in the piece that I have to sum instead of paraphrasing them.I intend to improve my writing skills because I know that it is essential in communication my thoughts, thought processs and feelings. If I want to excel in my academic and professional life, I should try to enhance my writing prowess. I plan to read more prose and poetry, not to copy their style but to widen my experience on the various styles of writing. Doing so depart also expand my vocabulary. Re-reading and editing my work more than doubly will surely help me not to commit grammatical and spelling errors. Moreover, if I re-read my work, the sentence constructions will also be checked. I am determined to perfect my work by requesting other large number to read it and asking their opinions on how I can further improve on it.One valuable step that I can do to improve my writing is to determine who will be the readers of my work. The visibleness of my readers will help me choose my papers tone, the words I will use and the ideas I am going to present. Furthermore, before I even start to write, I have to ident ify the idea I want to convey to my readers. Having a thesis statement will keep me focused on

Week 7 essays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Week 7 essays - study ExampleIt must be emphasized that their differences had main ideological basis.Americans of the Revolutionary and the constitutional period wrestled with aquestion does every increase in the powers of the government entails a loss of liberty for the governed? doubting Thomas Jefferson believed that it did. His fit Alexander Hamilton believed it did not. 1It was due to this opposing approach towards democracy that something that the founding fathers had missed or quite a disregarded at the Convention of 1787 was thrust to the forefront. It was this rivalry of differing political ideals that lead to the formation of the 2 ships company system in the United States.that such an arrangement had its pit falls, and keeping these inherent dangers and Thomas Jefferson with a number of like-minded politicians, like James Madison, who likewise were fed up with the conservative Hamiltonian stance in United States politics, in the year 1794 formed the elected Republica n party (which is the precursor of the present Democratic Party and was formally named so under Andrew Jackson in 1826).The ideological difference between the two parties stemmed from the character of Alexander Hamilton who was a through and through Conservative Right-Wing politician. In aim man terms he stood for status quo, which by extension meant among many other things the continuation of slavery.Thomas Jefferson on the other hand was a Liberal Left-Wing politician. Jefferson believed in the ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity, and these ideas were instrumental in the French Revolution of 1789.It would not be wrong to say that Hamilton was a reactionary while Jefferson a progressive politician. This rift between the two political ideologies was the main cause behind the famous twelfth Amendment which was passed in the year 1804 and laid down the foundations of the multi-party system in the United States. Further, Thomas Jeffersons

Managing in a global society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Managing in a global society - Essay ExampleIt is therefore the fountain why international managers should take their time to study these cultures before introducing new products in the market or opening new subsidiaries (Turner, 2000). Communication, for example, is an important tool, necessary for transmitting ideas throughout an organization. However, it is worth noting that communication does not inevitably entail only the formal aspects such as through writing and speaking but also, it entails maintaining in the flesh(predicate) etiquette and as per the standards required by the host. The US and UK have English language as their official office of communication. Therefore, it would be easy for a UK entrepreneur to establish himself quickly in the US as unconnected to japan, which has lacquerese as the major language of communication (Norbury, 2006). The language barrier present in the midst of UK and Japan requires foreign investors to study Japanese as their second lang uage especially payable to the fact that Japan scores highly under hofstedes uncertainty avoidance index (Varley, 2000). ... It therefore means that the giver has to exercise patience before pressing for response, failure to which it would be taken to mean that he is impious thereby risking his success. Worse still is the fact that business negotiations whitethorn be hampered by lack of perceptiveness for example due to the Japanese reluctance to say no or to criticize openly (Norbury, 2006). It may therefore be confusing for a foreign negotiator to find that everything he says is met with a verifying response, while in the real sense his Japanese counterparts are against his propositions. Experts advise foreigners to concentrate more on their sign languages, which could be for example scratching eyebrows, tone in their voice, teeth clenching, frowning in between a conversation among others. For instance, frowning is a sign of disagreement and therefore, it would be wise to con centrate on the facial expressions or better, phrase your statements in a manner that will demand an outright yes or no as an answer (Varley, 2000). Coming from a country such as UK where open review article is considered as normal, it would be taken as an insult and destruction of character to practice the same when negotiating with such people. The high uncertainty avoidance index (UAI) has also been described as a hindrance towards effecting change. This is due to the fact that these people are accustomed to predictability such that introduction of new working environments may not receive a friendly welcome (Hofstede, 1996). This is as opposed to the US whereby UAI is low such that it becomes practical for entrepreneurs to introduce new brands in the market and be able to make profit within picayune periods of time. This is an important observation, which a person intending to invest in the

McDonald's ethics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

McDonalds ethics - Term Paper utilisationald s code of ethics likewise promises to intention any private or open detrition that may take the position of budgetary , political , social , monetary and natural stance (Mcdonald s Corporation , 2006 , Online ).Mcdonalds will likewise be coherent on the strategy that they use to determination much(prenominal) clash . For this situation , they will be looking to cultivate great association with wholly the send holders . On the budgetary additions , Mcdonalds have the moral obligation of proclaiming the comes back to the shareholders in correctness , prompt , transparent and obliged profundity . The guarantee to maintain the US and non US organizations regulations . The guarantee to act without noxiousness , with certain forethought and with transparent truths that wont be influenced by any second or outsider weight down . The partnership esteems business autonomy that they might want to exhibit to any autonomous second crowd review ers (Mcdonald s Corporation , 2006 , OnlineMcdonalds guarantees to settle on the right choices and translations that are without subordination . The code of morals to boot ties the workers to keep up indispensable organization secrecy unless appropriately approved. They have a guarantee that all representatives will have great stream of correspondence. The will be customarily redesigning the shareholders of any monetary proceeds that effect on the business. Rewrapping the Big MacMcDonalds was provoked to settle on the sudden choice of ever-changing from the clamshell polystyrene cheeseburger boxes wrap to wrap because of ecological concerns. There were purchaser worries that the polystyrene wraps were contaminating natures domain regardless of the first step that the organization had the capacity to reuse them in the past. They were currently holding the presumption that the wraps were all the more ecologically sound.Today discharges its fourth Corporate Responsibility Report, the med Dependable nourishment for a supportable future. The

Defining the Humanities Essay Example for Free

Defining the liberal arts EssayAfter reading this weeks lecture and my understanding of what humanities are is the field of force of what people have experienced and how they express this experience. Humanities are how people have interacted throughout their existence and how people interact today. Humanities are the study of the philosophical beliefs of a purification. The philosophical approach to understanding a culture is what separates humanities from science and history. cognition and history are exact and rarely are open for debate once it is proven to be fact. intelligence will set outto prove its point, whatever it may be, through precise calculations. Science also studies theory and probability. Science lacks imagination in their calculations whereas humanities use imagination to understand outgoing culture. Science wants to prove how people came to exist whereas humanities seek to understand wherefore people exist. explanation is divergent from humanities becau se history studies documentation as facts and undisputable regarding what happened. Humanities seek to answer why it happened and to understand it.History was recorded in books inlibraries, Humanities are written on walls in caves or in the design contained in buildings. Today cultures express their interests, their experiences, and their values through many forms much(prenominal) as art, music, and movies. Sharing experiences is perhaps the most basic form of explaining who people are. By sharing these experiences in the forms of art, music, and movies, it allows us to share information about us through our creativity. In todays culture these deuce-ace forms of expression allow people to show their individuality and to connect with many on different levels.Art takes many forms and is visualiseed by an individual differently. Colors and design reflect our feelings. Black and clear expresses loneliness and pain whereas bright colors express happiness. A painting for example, all ows an artist to express themselves in a way he or she feels. It is their visualization of their thoughts (Kitchin, 2004). Society looks at the painting and is free to interpret it their way. One person may see happiness whereas another sees sadness. A picture of time upstanding could mean chaos and seem overwhelming to one from a rural areawhere someone from a city sees everything he or she needs. People continue to express themselves with music. The meanings behind the words of the songs often observe from the feelings and the experiences of the author. It is the responsibility of the musician to express those feelings and experiences through sound. Music with soul (Hakes, 2011). Music has been very important to our culture. esteem of how important the Beatles were to world or even the Grateful Dead. My personal popular band is Linkin Park. They are my favorite because I can relate my life to the words of their song.Their music attracts those DEFINING THE HUMANITITES 3 who app ear to be weak or who do not appear to be societies strongest. Their song The Little Things Give You off was written about Hurricane Katrina. The devastation from Hurricane Katrina was widespread devastation. Their song attempts to reflect through music the pain and distraint affected by it. Movies are much standardised music however instead of only only able to hear words and visualize it the movies create the visualization for the person. Movies use categorization such as butterfly, action, and drama.Movies based on real life events attempt to capture those events and explain them. Movies can show the romance side of a situation or even the heroics. The recent movie Argo is about the falling of the join States Embassy in Iran, which was overrun. This movie reflects the horror that six members went through while showing the heroics of a CIA member to proceeds the members of the Embassy to the United States. These three forms of expression will continue to exist as time conti nues. They are welcome means ofexpressions and are a very important part of todays society.All three bring joy to people and if capable a person can express him or herself like none before. DEFINING THE HUMANITITES 4 References Kitchin, M. (2004). Art and expression. Retrieved from http//www. students. sbc. edu/kitchin04/artandexpression/artandexpression. html Hakes, T. (2011, March 11). Music as expression vs. music as entertainment. Retrieved from http//abovegroundmagazine. com/blogs/letter-from-the-editor/03/15/music-as-expression-vs- music-as-entertainment/

Communicating laboratory procedures Essay Example for Free

Communicating science research lab procedures EssayLaboratory procedures and practices moldiness be communicated in a laboratory, because to keep the take chances as minimum as possible by storing the chemical products in an assume and safe manner. A staff member shall be responsible for all stored chemicals and their use. totally products moldiness be labelled so that the researcher foot identify and communicate the identity of the sample for laboratory staff. obscure chemical should be treated as infectious and disposed of in a proper way. All chemicals should be stored in suitable containment appropriate to hazard the agent. Containers used for storage must be envelop or sealed. Accurate inventory should be maintained for the purpose of assessing risk and reducing unnecessary handling. account must be updated to a minimum, annually. Each chemical container must also be labelled with the send for or code of the chemical, the name and contact information of the user. Th is information must be legible to the environment is stored, i. e. indelible. A laboratory to reduce the risk good sanitation is essential to protect the integrity and chemicals. cleanup routine should be invoked to provide work areas free from signifi bottomt sources of contamination. It should be clean-up actions based on the higher(prenominal) degree of risk to the safety of individuals and the pilot may be exposed. Laboratory staffs are responsible for killing the seats in laboratories and equipment and areas that require specialised technical knowledge. Some laboratory cleaning connects Keeping laboratory clean and uncluttered surfaces must be clean and free of chemicals commonly used, glassware and instruments.Way to washbasin, eyewash areas, emergency showers and exits, and fire suffocations must not be blocked. The proper clearance of chemicals and excess Old should not be used and the clearance of chemicals promptly and correctly. Arranging a workplace which is free of physical hazards corridors and passageways must be free of subsiding hazards. Concentration must be given to electrical safety, particularly as it reveals to the use of extension cords, appropriate grounding of instrument and deterrence of the production of electrical hazards in lactating areas.All laboratory instruments needs to be cleaned and verified of being free of hazards before being issued for subject area or assistance. (Safetyfirstaid, 2009) All protective equipment must be cleaned, laundered and disposed of by the member of staff. Apparel contaminated with human blood or other potentially infectious materials should be handled as little as possible and needs to be collected in special boxes, labelled or colour coded. lavation will be cleaned according to the specific laboratory operating procedures laundry facility.Appropriate protective equipment must be worn by member of staff who handles contaminated laundry. The inflammable hazard is evident when gases such(preno minal) as hydrogen, methane, and acetylene are acknowledged. However, the fire hazard can be appended greatly. Staff must lift the dangers of fire risk, high-pressure gas. A very brief contact with liquids or materials at low temperatures can cause burns similar to burns from high temperature contacts. The eyes are particularly vulnerable to this slip of exposure, so safety glasses are required.Suppliers of care of health are invited to subject an agreed undivided of data for each audit. The data are contained in an environment very blocked, are analysed and adjusted the risk and are applied, with recommendations for the improvement. Feedback is via the annual reports available to the patients, the clinicians, the combined professionals of health, the information management and the personnel. The data gathered are replaced year-on-year to underpin progress and tend.Most audit checks also provide fast, secure, online information allows contributors to see from their own computer how their establishment is performing against agreed standards at national level if available and in comparison with other trusts and networks. Although some(prenominal) audits scram been in operation for a short period of time, other more established checks already leading to improvements in direct patient care. For example, the audit of heart attack led to improvements in intercession following a stroke and more patients taking drugs that are effective when they are discharged. (NHS, 2009)All in all communicating laboratory procedures is important because laboratories are inherently fairly dangerous places, e. g. Physics laboratories oftentimes have high voltage electricity or ionising radiation, Chemistry laboratories have dangerous chemicals and Biology laboratories have biological hazards such as microorganisms that can cause diseases. The risk in a particular laboratory depends almost entirely on what happens to it. It is only through careful assessment by a sufficient a nd experienced and then they identify risks establishing and following safe working practices in a laboratory can be done in a reasonably safe place to work.Audits are introduced to measure the role of patient care and improvements over time. Security measures may include things such as training of personnel, rust systems, natural obstacles, and alternative less hazardous chemicals that achieve the same result.Nmsu, 2008. http//www. nmsu. edu/safety/images/signs/symbol2d. jpg Safetyfirstaid, 2009. http//www. safetyfirstaid. co. uk/images/catalogue/product/SG0088-L. jpg Weird, 2009. http//www. weird. fr/images/logo_405x401_hazard_highly_flammable. jpg NHS, 2009. http//www. ic. nhs. uk/statistics-and-data-collections/audits-and-performance/national-clinical-audits.

The Major League Baseball Players Association Essay Example for Free

The Major League Baseb entirely Players sleeper EssayThe Major League baseball Players Association (MLBPA) is the union of master key baseball players in the study league. The Association plays the case of collective bargaining for all major league players and it is in addition the representative for players that need salary arbitration. Like any other union, MLBPA defends the rights of its members and functions in order to protect the players best worry. One of the attributions of the MLBPA is that of making sure that the conditions for playing are in unity with the Associations safety guidelines. A union of professional baseball players was necessary for promoting the interests of the players and so unions playing in the benefit of professional players were created almost from the very beginning of the history of baseball as a sport. MLBPA does not represent the first union of baseball players, as previous attempts included the Brotherhood of master Baseball Players (f ounded in 1885), Players Protective Association (1900), Fraternity of Professional Baseball Players of America (1912), or American Baseball Guild (1946) (Major League Baseball Players Association, 2007).The basis of MLBPA was set by the formation of the American Baseball Guild which was created by labor lawyer Robert Murphy (Haupert, 2003). The major change that was the outcome of the Guild was that the sample labor contract of players was changed in the benefit of the players since before this change the contracts were very much dictated by owners (Haupert, 2003). Although the Guild was unsuccessful in forming a union, it did bring a great deal of change in the way players contracts and rights were being handled.MLBPA is currently the baseball players organization and the outcome of this association is the result of the changes that took place in the unionization of baseball players. The union was formed in 1954, but it remained in the background until the players hired Marvin mil ling machine in 1966 to head the organization (Haupert, 2003). This was the decisive step in the future of the union of baseball players. moth miller was a former negotiator for the US steel workers and this experience was used with success in the interest of baseball players (Haupert, 2003).The lead of Marvin Miller and his turn was very usefull for the interest of MLBPA. His skills turned out to exceed those of the owners as he troopsaged to change the rules of the game and represent the players in gaining what was theirs. He managed to control the power that owners had on the players and till his tough practices to make the opinion of players matter in matters of trade and such (Rockford). Millers attractership had a great impact on the unionization of baseball players as his lead brought the most great changes in the life of professional baseball players.Marvin Miller retired in 1984 after managing to put an end to the declare clause, to ensure the right of free movement from team to team, to gain a great raise in the salary of baseball players (Rockford). Other important changes that were conducted and influenced by Millers organizational skills referred to a greater implication of the union in labor disputes, to the creation of a pension fund sponsored mainly from percentages of goggle box revenue.But the most important accomplishment of Millers leadership was that the union was recognise and also the right of players to be represented in negotiations by a collective organization was also recognized (Rockford). Marvin Miller is responsible for making baseball a business profitable both for owners and players. The current leader of MLBPA, Don Fehr, was hired by Miller in 1977 as general counsel and after the retirement of Miller he was chosen by the players to represent them as executive director of MLBPA (Haupert, 2003).Fehrs influence was noticeable for following the policies of his predecessor, continuing the road chosen by Miller. Fehrs acc omplishments are shown in his role of negotiator in collective bargaining with major league owners and in administering contracts, grievance arbitration, and pension and health care matters (Schwarz, 2003). His mission leading the union was even harder that expected because he was replacing a legend, the man that built the union and that had lead it successfully for such a long time.Even so, Fehr was successful in leading the union and in defending the interest of the players. The average salary of a major leaguer has departed from $ 185,000 in 1981 to $2. 47 million in 2005. (Cooper, 2006) MLBPA managed to use the changes made by former unions or associations of professional baseball players and managed to become today the strongest sports union around. Under the leadership of only two, but strong leaders, MLBPA has progressed greatly and this progress is first of all attributed to the leaders that had always had a coherent policy and strong combine in their mission.Perhaps the key to the success of MLBPA is that its leaders have always tried to maintain a unity among the players and by keeping them together and focused on a common goal, they could accomplish the major growth in the baseball industry.BibliographyCooper, J. J. , 25 for 25 Don Fehr, July 18, 2006, unattached at http//www. baseballamerica. com/today/big league/25thanniversary/print261957. html Haupert, Michael. The Economic History of Major League Baseball. EH. Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. August 27, 2003. available at http//eh.net/encyclopedia/article/haupert. mlb History of the Major League Baseball Players Association, available at http//mlbplayers. mlb. com/pa/info/history. jsp Major League Baseball Players Association, 2007, available at http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Players_Association Rockford, Warner Oliver, Marvin Miller, available at http//www. baseballlibrary. com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/M/Miller_Marvin. stm Schwarz, Alan, One on One Don Fehr, July 1, 2002, available at http//www. baseballamerica. com/today/features/fehr070102. html

Leadership and Management Essay Example for Free

Leadership and Management Essay ab initio I plan on reviewing the prevailing lead styles in my chip inup and and then treasureing the impact of these on the organisations values and per impressance. In h eitherow to assess the lead styles I drive produced a questionnaire (see appendix 1). The questionnaire was designed to find out how charterive, participative and permissive each manager in our organisation is and then study the most prevailing style. It was evident from the information collated that the prevailing leaders style in our organisation is participative and directive rather than permissive. On assessing this information it became app atomic number 18nt that our managers leadership styles reflect a Contingency theory and they rather be present and take part in services in order to ensure controlled success. Contingency theory is a class of behavioral theories that claim there is no best way to lead a company, or to make decisions. Instead, the best action is c ontingent (dependent) upon the situation. several(prenominal) contingency approaches were developed in the1960s.They suggested that previous theories such as Webers bureaucracy and Taylors Scientific Management had failed beca example they pretermit that management style and organisational structure were influenced by various aspects of the environment kn admit as contingency factors. in that location could not be one best way for leadership or organisation. Historically, contingency theory has assay to formulate broad views about formal structures that are typically associated with or best fit the use of different organisations.This perspective originated with the work of Joan Woodward (1958), who argued that skills directly determine differences in such organisational attributes as a intersect of control, centralisation of authority, and the formalisation of rules and procedures. My Organisation Values and Performance The organisation that I work for delivers a flap of high q uality services and projects, these services follow the principles of empowering communities, developing lives, furthering equality, diversity and inclusion and strengthening local anesthetic wilful sector delivery.These principles dictate the values in which we function. We are very much a voluntary sector, charitable organisation ensuring that at the heart of our services are the people that access them. Performance is deliberate through a set of service delivery indicators which form the base of our promises to funding bodies, staff, volunteers and customers in everything we do. These indicators are measured via our service development plan.Each year we publish an Annual Report based on our Service Delivery Indicators, which measure our progress and informs the public of our work over the previous year in delivering against our prior(prenominal)ities. (See Appendix 2 for our organisations SDIs) Our organisation values and performance clearly highlight a need for the leadership to be open and receptive. This allows us to except feedback and input from our service users.A directive and democratic leadership style is imposed by managers in our organisation for staff however when dealing with service users we take aim to adopt a more directive style to ensure commination is clear and there is no dwell for bought. We have found in the past when we have given service users who are vulnerable and have mental health difficulties an opportunity to contribute to services they feel empowered, however they need time and counsel in order to make informed decisions.Effectiveness of my own Leadership Style On assessing my own leadership style I appeared to be more directive, in the middle when it came to participation, however I did not seem to be very permissive. The results did not surprise me and seemed to be consistent with my approach. I tend to direct staff by the use of many models including action plans which are produced in team confrontation and each me mber of staff is allocated actions, timescales, budget and directions.I am participatory when tasks are being carried out I ensure I understand the delivery method and observe when necessary. For example if we are promoting a freshly group I will ensure all promotion literature is checked by me prior to going out and visit the new group to view session delivery. I do not hide away form front line delivery and ensure I gage with staff, clients and volunteers wherefore I understand the reason why on my leadership assessment I did not crisscross highly on being permissive.Therefore I feel my management style suits the organisation. However with the ever-changing nature of our organisation leading towards a more business-like approach I may find I have to review my management style. I may need to become more permissive, less participatory and even more directive. This will ensure I can work more strategically to order to retain services and staff. Changing my approach may be difficu lt for my staff to accept, however explaining that their jobs may be at risks if I do not manage differently may put it all into perspective.By applying a Contingency theory mentioned earlier I should be able to manage this effectively. I asked my staff to assess my leadership style using the questionnaire I produced and gave to fellow managers (Appendix 1). The results mirrored my self assessment, demonstrating that I understand my own leadership style well and that the staff have the same opinion. Apply Own Leadership Style in Range of Situations Over the last two weeks I have begun to assess my own leadership style in a variety of situations. These have mainly taken the form of meetings.I have chaired a client/volunteer meeting and a full staff meeting. My leadership style tended to change in these situations. I became less formal with the client and volunteer meeting in order to project at their level of understanding. Less detail was presented and less decision making was requi red. The meeting was more informative and decisions had been made by the staff team prior to the meeting. Feedback and participation was welcomed however it was in a manner in which it could be controlled so as a staff team we could make informed decisions.

Macbeth Analysis Essay Example for Free

Macbeth Analysis showThe extract before me is from Macbeth written by William Shakespe atomic number 18 in the year 1606. It is from Act 1 Sc 7. It takes tail in a path at Macbeths castle at Inverness. The extract primarily deals with the ploys that madam Macbeth uses to impart her husband Macbeth to commit the crime of despatching King Duncan. Two important themes be bought give outside(a) in this extract, peerless is approximately the creation of gender roles and stereotypes and the second unrivaled is about appearances often being deceptive. The extract begins with Macbeth telling noblewoman Macbeth We shall proceed no further in this business. This is on the saying of it referring to something which has happened before in the paroxysm. Macbeth has been contemplating the consequences of this murder. He conceives a truly apocalyptic vision of how the angels of heaven are gonna be coming and spreading the news of this murder all across.The angels are gonna be pleading for Duncans virtues and the people are gonna be actually crying and on that point be like a flood of tears which entrust dr avow the Earth. So, he tells Lady Macbeth that he does not wish to do away with his golden reputation, he does not want to lose its vividness and thitherfore, he does not want to proceed with the bloody business as he calls it. Lady Macbeth is obviously very affected by this and she ends up trying to accuse Macbeth of being unmanly. She uses adjectives like pale, green. She compares him to the poor disgorge in the adage. She is trying to drive the wedge between him and his doing and his desire to achieve the throne and his lack of action. Now, Lady Macbeth says, what beast was it then that made you break this enterprise to me. This is a reference to Act 1, Sc 5 because in Act 1 Sc 5, Macbeth tells Lady Macbeth about the prophecies that the witches had made and how he is recollectd to fit the King of Scotland after becoming the Thane of Cawdor.Now , Lady Macbeth is just wedging upon those lines saying that when you dared to commit this to me, that is when you were a man and outright if you are actually gonna commit the deed of murder, you are gonna commit the heinous crime of regicide, you will be even more the man. Lady Macbeth reasons out that the quantify and the place were not appropriate to kill Duncan at that time but now since he has come into our battlements, he is in our castle as our guest, we are supposed to kill him. Lady Macbeth is surprised that Macbeth is losing his resolve at this time. Lady Macbeth goes on to create a very grotesque image that shows that the milk of human kindness is actually not present in her.She says that she has suckled the baby at her breast and she knows how tender it is to love the babe that milks me and she says that if she had ever said that she had move to bothone that I am going to be killing my child, she would name actually plucked his mouth out of her nipple and dashed his brains out against the wall. This is a very grotesque image produced by Lady Macbeth has produced. This makes it exonerated to us that Lady Macbeth has been dehumanised, defeminised in all ways. Thus, she has achieved her wish which she asked from the spirits. She is totally unwomanly and does not have any maternal instincts. She is actually a reminder of the character Medea from the play Medea written by Euripedes because Medea had self-decided to kill her own children.Now, we image that the scene has become progressively darker with Lady Macbeth creating images of death and Macbeth ends up contemplating the possible consequences if we should fail. We should see that at that place are several times when Macbeth and Lady Macbeth talk about distributively other as being one. They perpetually use we. Macbeth has never said that i am gonna fail at the murder. He says that we should fail. This shows that there is a sense of togetherness and they are partners not only in greatness bu t also in crime. So, Lady Macbeth immediately retaliates but then at this time there is a shift in tone. It becomes much more pragmatic because she divulges the plan of the murder to Macbeth. There is a metaphor used everywhere here, its about stringed instruments, now just as you take the string and you create the appropriate tension by tying it to the right peg.Similarly, Lady Macbeth expects that Macbeth decides to be headstrong and resolute and decides to screw his courage to the sticking place. If he does so, they will certainly not fail. She goes on to discuss the plan of murder with Macbeth. She says that when Duncan will be hypnoid and in all probability, he is likely to sleep due to his long journey. The two sentinels outside his room are gonna be intoxicated by Lady Macbeth using wine, drugs. She will make sure that they are so drunk that they will lose thier memory which has been described as the warder of the brain. The receipt of reason will not be there. Reason will actually be distilled out of their brains. They will not be able to understand anything. They will actually behave like swine and sleeping in that manner. Lady Macbeth sees it as golden opportunity to perform the murder.She once again, as I said, talks about them being one. She says what cannot you and I perform upon the unguarded Duncan? when in fact the murder is going to be committed by Macbeth alone. Lady Macbeth is obviously very important partner in his crime. Now, Lady Macbeth further tells him that they are gonna be taking the daggers and staining the officers with the blood. She expects the officers to bear the guilt of our great quell. Now, the use of the word guilt over here is very important and it is also very ironic because it is not like they do not do away with thier guilt ever. In fact, they leave in torment of the very murder. Lady Macbeth in Act 5, Sc 1 in the sleep-walking soliloquy is a woman who has completely lost her senses. She is leaving under blood-and-g uts emotional pressure and she is the one who is not able to sleep anymore. So, it shows that they are actually guilty of the crime. Macbeth himself in Act 2 Sc 2 does not wish to even go back to the scene of the crime again.So, it shows that even though they are gonna be staining the sentinels with blood. In fact, both of them are gonna be living in horror of the deed. Now, Macbeth seems to be quite convinced and he asks Lady Macbeth to bring transport male children only because the undaunted mettle should compose nothing but males. Now, this is very significant because it is about the creation of the gender stereotypes. In the Shakespearean area, it was expected of men to be embodiment of valour, courage and harshness to some extent and woman on the other hand were expected to be more instrumental and incapable of coming up with wicked plans. However Lady Macbeth is an exception to this rule because she comes across as one who is so resolute and cold, so devoid of pity that thi s is something which should be there only in men.Macbeth once again questions his wife and asks her that if they are gonna marking the two sleepy sentinels with blood, would it not see that they have done it. Lady Macbeth says that while they will be hysterically crying and lamenting the death of Duncan, suspiciousness will never fall upon them. Macbeth finally capitulates to all its wifes persuasions and he seems to have bend up each corporal agent to this terrible feat. This is a very important line in the building up of the tragic hero because Macbeth is gonna be himself responsible for his fate. He has decided to put his heart and soul into committing so heinous a crime and he is indeed gonna be bearing indeed the consequences of it as we see later in the play.The scene ends with a couplete that rhymes which is typical of Shakespeare. It says that Away, and mock the time with fairest show false face must hide what the false heart doth know. So, it recounts the theme that appeara nces are often deceptive. This theme has been running end-to-end the play. It all began with King Duncan in Act 1 Sc 2 when he wished that he would be able to recognise people by simply looking at their faces. It is also present in Act 1 Sc 5 when Lady Macbeth asks her husband to look like the innocent prime but be the serpent under it.This time Macbeth is the one who is actually telling his wife that she is suppose to be having composure, she is suppose to conceal her ulterior motives and her false face must hide the real intentions that she has. In conclusion, i can say that there is a big contrast between the characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. Macbeth is the one who is contemplating the fear of failure. He says that we should fail, what would happen. He is no doubt ambitious but at the same time he also comes across as a rational being.

Cuba and Argentina are in Latin America Essay Example for Free

Cuba and genus genus Argentina atomic number 18 in Latin America EssayAlthough two Cuba and Argentina are in Latin America, they still sop up differences in cultivations and change surface in disciplineal systems. Moreover, despite the fact that these two countries are close in terms of literacy paces (although Argentina is slightly high than that of Cuba), the two countries prevail much differences in learningal practices. In Cuba, the governing body subsidize instruction at all levels. This collapses the education in this country extensively state-directed. A lot of public dispute and organisation covers the education, being state-directed. The bulk of the tax burden of the people are mainly allocated for education. Education has been the top precession of the country when it comes to funding expenditures and extra projects. Cuba is praised for showing an extravagant and long-lasting effort to ensure the quality of education services that their youth receive. T here is a free obligatory primary education for all Cuban children age 6 to 15. The government subsidizes even the higher education. However, this scenario also implies negative impacts. Since the government trains its youth, they also rate them according to their political beliefs.Students brook their own Cumulative School File. This is like a report posting that goes beyond documenting academic standing. It is the record of the savants political thinking. Anyone who has join protests against the government is hindered to countenance much opportunities of the higher education or universities. This is also applicable even for the employed people. Some of the students are expelled from initiate and other(a)s are dismissed from work for the employed ones. The control of the government over the people last in to a greater extent or less a lifetime because this report card are updated.All of the students are expected to seduce the Marxist way of thinking towards the government and politics. On the other hand, Argentina government is less rigid when it comes to education. They also have the unequivocal primary education for children ages 6 to 14 years of age. All children of these ages are mandated to attend the primary education that lasts 12 years. There is no longer domineering education for the high school level although they could still have affordable high school education offerings. However, half of those who attended the compulsory primary education do not continue to high school.Yet, Argentina is still among the countries who have the most number of degree holders in relation to their population. These two Latin Ameri trick countries are the same and yet different in a number of aspects in education. Indeed, both countries slip away importance to education. The government allot an fitting amount of resources to education. This is true since they even have legislated a police that could legalize a mandated primary education for Argentina and in all levels in the case of Cuba. both are strict when it comes to age requirement for the grade levels.However, their approaches towards the implementation of quality education are different. In Argentina, students who have finished the primary education are allowed to choose in what school they will pursue. Moreover, they have the decision whether they would continue or stop schooling. The students and their family can choose among the various schools that are affordable. On the other hand, Cuba goes beyond the primary education. The government subsidizes education up to the highest level. However, the bearing is that it can decide for the future of the student.The student and his family should agree with the government in all aspects so that he or she could enroll in the topper universities. The government does not only have the political power but also the power to have the youth favor to them. Now, if the students from these two countries migrate to the United States of Ameri ca, they may have the same cultural alteration problems. Both speaks the same language, and thus both may have the same learning and communication styles. The both may also have the same expected problems when they are brought to the US classrooms.Basically, the problems that may arise from the in-migration of the students may be classified into three intercultural communication, learning styles, and adolescence (Introduction to Immigration in US, 2001). In the United of States of America, government provides education for the people. It could either be on the federal, state, or local level. Because there is allotted budget for education, it is compulsory to avail these education benefits. Children from four to 18 years old are required to undergo the radical education.Moreover, formal education in the US is being held in public, private and home schools. The schooling is divide into kindergarten up to twelfth grade. There are many universities among the numerous states. The st udents from Cuba and Argentina are expected to have problems intercultural communication. This means not only their difference in language but also the differences in assorted cultures. This may be called a crash of culture or others termed this as culture shock. For example, in the US, the familiar form of greeting is handshake.On the other hand, in Cuba and Argentina, it is common to give hugs even among the boys, but in the United Sates, this form of greeting is given for those who are already closely related to each other. some other intercultural communication conflict may also be attributed to the differences in religion. The people of Argentina and Cuba relatively have different religion to the majority of the people in the United States. The Cubans and Argentineans are mostly Roman Catholic while the Americans are mostly Protestants. There may be some differences or even conflicts in religious practices and even celebrations.The second type of problem that may arise amon g the immigrating students is the differences in learning styles. The communication styles also differ from the two countries. People in the United States are a lot to a greater extent direct in the matter of speaking than the two other countries. Moreover, noises in the American classroom backdrop are common. This may be distracting to the Cuban and Argentinean students who are used to formal and quiet classroom setting. The triplet issue is the adolescence of the students. Adolescents struggle with identity issues.This process may be more difficult and complicated for the students who have migrated. They may try to cope with these differences and tend to cover or set aside their own culture. This may cause emotional and social chaos to the student. Statement Prompt The main difference between the education in the United Sates and the education in Argentina is that the former has longer basic education. In Argentina, the compulsory basic education lasts until the student is 14 ye ars old while the basic education is compulsory until the students in the United States are 18 years of age.The basic education in US involves more grade level and classification. More often than not, after the long basic education, the students are qualified to work. legion(predicate) of the students in US work while studying in college. The long basic education aims to make the students independent and included in the working force of the state. Nevertheless, these problems may be adequately addressed. There are recommendations to smoothen the learning and coping process of the students. First, the teacher has to be aware of the differences of culture among the diverse types of students in the class.The teacher should have the initiative to lessen the crash of culture among the students. He or she should have adequate knowledge about the nature of the immigrant students. This is not to advertise them to change but to let them preserve their culture in their very rights (Introduc tion to Immigration in US, 2001). Moreover, the teacher should also help the student to have straightaway English-learning process. He or she should encourage the students to speak English in and even out of the class. Although he is not the students English teacher, he should still be patient to talk the student.Lastly, the family of the immigrant students should also be acquainted to the educational system in the United States. New comer programs are effective to encourage the students and even their families to participate more in the school programs. This will make them trust that the school can help the child regardless of the differences in culture. There should be trainings about language skills, work skills and even cultural adaptations program especially for the students. Reasons for immigration may be different but the adaptation that inescapably to be done may be the same.The differences in culture may be settled in effective communication. Although there are also diff erences in manners of communication itself, compromising is universal to solution conflict crash of culture for this matter. The educational systems may also be different but the object of education is universal too, learning, knowledge and may be wisdom are the goals of the people who avail education. course credit Introduction to Immigration in the United States. 2001. Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory. Available at http//www. nwrel. org/cnorse/booklets/immigration/5. htmloverall

Jung vs Freud Essay Example for Free

Jung vs Freud EssaySigmund Freud was known as a medical doctor, psychologist and one of the virtu on the wholey influential thinkers of the twentieth century. His ideas attracted Carl Jung to come under the teachings of Freud. As time grew on, Jung began to reject some of Freuds authorized ideas. The two sh atomic number 18 some central ideas, but the differences between them are recognizable. The religion, unconscious complex, and the therapist practices is the biggest bankers bill between the two scholars.Freuds dream is retrospective, meaning that it mainly deals with past events from childhood usually intimate ideas, season Jungs dreams were more prospective, showing what the dreamer can grow into. Freudss dreams usually were regarded as a manifestation of the repressed sexual urges of the unconscious. As Freud cited Many men dream of having sexual relations with their mothers and speak of the fact with indignation and astonishment.(pg. 475) For example, if a patient dre amt about a long object, Freud would most plausibly say that it represents the phallus and ultimately sex, while Jung may say that it has nothing to do with the desire to stick sex at all but rather the phallic object could refer to strength or fertility. This is where Jung and Freud had their greatest difference. Jung didnt believe that everything was based so much on sexuality while Freud did.Jung cited The dreams are obviously reiterating the conscious standpoint minus the conscious criticism. (pg. 491) However, this disconnect is not surprising as ultimately, all of Freuds students and most of his fellow peers didnt chalk up with his strong emphasis on sexuality ruling everything. Jung and Freud especially differ in that Jung makes humans seem like beings that can advance and grow together, while Freud makes human seem largely like barbaric beings whose only/main motivation is sex.Even though Jung and Freud had there differences, they still had the same central idea of philo sophies and mind process. It was a plus for mankind that Jung began to seek the world and create ideas for himself rather than just listening to the teachings of Freud. Jung offered new thought process for people to agree on rather than everyone just following the masses.

Nation of Islam Essay Example for Free

Nation of Islam showMalcolm X was born Malcolm Little in Omaha, Nebraska in 1925. He was born to a minister of religion father that was a supporter of Black Nationalist Movement leader Marcus Garvey, which resulted in Malcolm experiencing discrimination and racial hatred from an early age. His father was killed and his home burned when Malcolm was young, and Malcolm was jailed in his early twenties after(prenominal) several run-ins with the law following his fathers death. He joined the Nation of Islam in date in prison, and when he was paroled in 1952 he was named the national spokesman for the Nation of Islam. Malcolm X was an outspoken, articulate, charismatic man that utilise television, radio, and every other form of media available to convey the Nations message. He preached for militant status in the black community and for tinct rights for African Americans, by any means necessary. This flat stance and militant attitude made some chat Malcolm as a threat and he wa s followed under FBI surveillance until he was assassinated in 1965. He used his charisma and his steadfast beliefs to mention the message of the Nation of Islam well known in America and to bring the issue of African American rights to the forefront of American consciousness.His mission later transformed from struggle for African American rights to fighting for equal kind rights for every race, and he enforced the same militant stance with his new message. Mahatma Gandhi was a human rights leader like Malcolm X but he delivered his message in a very distinguishable way. Born Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, he was given the name Mahatma because it means, great soul. He was born in British-ruled India and near law in South Africa which was also ruled by Britain. While in South Africa he began a 20-year campaign for Indian freedom.Instead of Xs militant, unmoving approach, Gandhi do and taught the principles of non- slam-bang resistance. He believed it was more than honourable to be jailed for ones cause than to create violence. He also practiced fasting as a way of conveying his message of peace and non-violence. He returned to India after twenty years and became the leader of the Indian Nationalist Movement. After India was declared independent in 1947, it was divided into India and Pakistan and the ii countries rioted against one another. Gandhi began a fast to encourage the leaders to stop fighting.After he fasted for five days, the fighting stopped and the countries were at peace until Gandhi was assassinated shortly after. Until his death, Gandhi epitomized his message to, Be the change you want to see in the world. He saw no value in violence, and thought that the message of non-violence as a way of protest could bring tolerance, peace and unity more effectively than any violent act could. Despite the change in his place of residence and the political climate of his country he stayed true to his message of peace and unity.

Opinion Essay on Inventions Essay Example for Free

Opinion Essay on Inventions EssayA light-emitting diode (light-emitting diode) is a semiconductor light source. 6 LEDs argon employ as indicator lamps in some(prenominal) devices and are increasingly use for other lighting. Appearing as practical electronic components in 1962,7 earlier LEDs emitted low-intensity red light, but modern versions are available across the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths, with very high brightness.When a light-emitting diode is switched on, electrons are able to recombine with holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This event is called electroluminescence and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor. A LED is often small in area (less than 1 mm2), and integrated optical components may be used to shape its radiation pattern. 8 LEDs present many advantages over incandescent light sources including lower energy consumption, h ourlong lifetime, improved physical robustness, smaller size, and faster switching. However, LEDs powerful enough for room lighting are comparatively expensive and require more precise current and heat management than compact fluorescent lamp sources of corresponding output.Light-emitting diodes are used in applications as diverse as aviation lighting, digital microscopes, automotive lighting, advertising, worldwide lighting, and traffic signals. LEDs have allowed new text, video displays, and sensors to be developed, while their high switching rates are also useful in advanced communications technology. Infrared LEDs are also used in the remote control units of many commercial products including televisions, DVD players and other domestic appliances. LEDs are also used in seven-segment display.

Pontrelli Planning Activities Essay Example for Free

Pontrelli Planning Activities EssayPontrelli has a well-established billing control for the federation as a whole they will need a more centre one, or a strategy statement for the current project concerning recycle. To piggyback from the current mission statement and adding a line concerning, To focus on recycling within the friendship, conduct business with those who take recycling as a high priority and seeing new avenues to take the company involving recycling, while(Insert the mission statement). Next, we identify the set of the project obviously the primary value would a care for being a salutary corporate citizen. Whether the company is considering recycling for public image or the culture of the company truly is problematical is immaterial. As long as any project taken up meets the companys values and gives benefit to the shareholders, then it can be considered a successful project. We will need to look at the company internally as well as the external associates and perceptions to determine an appropriate analysis. Conducting a turn out will help us to determine the areas the company needs to focus on. This will allow the company to evaluate the project execution by keeping the direction on the straight and narrow path.The conclusion ultimately is to provide added value to the company through with(predicate) good PR, but cutting costs through recycling and identifying wasteful practices. This will produce increase efficiency throughout, helping to alter the culture of the company to one aligned with the companys goals. The outline above clearly states the objectives in a wide-eyed manner, allowing us to move on to a planning phase where we will hash out the specifics of for each one step. During the planning phase, an implementation plan will be decided upon and the initiation of the project can begin. The project, having the activities think out can begin.

Advantages And Limitations Of Each Source Of Finance Finance Essay

Advantages And Limitations Of each(prenominal) Source Of Finance Finance EssayThis appellative c oers all detail round assurances of finance. The aim of the inquiry is to identify different rises of finance like short-circuit- landmark finance, speciality-term finance and long finance. The first bring erupt of the assignment gives you an introduction ab verbodecade extractions of finance. The second part covers short-term sources of finance and their rewards and limitations. The third part covers medium-term sources of finance and their advantages and disadvantages. And the populate part covers long-term sources of finance and its merits and demerits.Sources of FinanceIntroductionAs you know food is necessary for benignant life. Similarly finance is the heart of any crease. It is most important for modern line, which go fors huge pileus. Finance could be needed for new callinges, when they recover a cash meld problem, new machinery, set up a new plant or take over a nonher craft. Generally cash consumed for businesses ar classify into short term, medium term and long term. In this role we look at the different source of finance and squ be up the advantages and limitations of each.BusinessLeasing existence repositoryMortgageSh ars- virtue Sh be- taste sensation Sh arDebentures retain Earning mercantile Bank LoanBorrowing dole out characterOverdraftBill DiscountingCustomers Advancesepisode realisationsLoan from Co-operative lingos fiddling enclosure Source enormous Term SourceMedium Term SourceSources of Finance unforesightful Term Sources of FinanceDefinitionWhen we want to establish a new business, it is essential to know the core of finance required. Some sources ar overdraft, customer advances, lend from co-operatives, cash and bargain assent etc. that halt specie for short era. It is called short-term source of finance. Generally Short-term is single for 1 year. In this section we learn about above source of fina nce and their relative advantages and limitations.Short-term sources of financeTrade CreditOverdraftDiscounting of billsCustomers advancesInstalment CreditLoan from co-operative bankTrade Credit Providing business customers with time to arrange for the fee of non bad(predicate)s they keep already received. This effect is one of the come to free credit. It is a represently source of finance. Trade credit is used when the buyer is non able to deport the real cost of corkings.1Trade credit refers to credit granted to manufactures and businessrs by the suppliers of the raw materials, finished fairs, components etc. comm totally business enterprises by supplies on a 30 to 90 days credit.Advantages of Trade CreditIf new business start up has trade credit, they lead non need much money in detonator. It is a good idea to soulfulness who want to start a new business with less money.You can buy goods and distinguish recompense later when you sold all the goods and get som e money or lay subjugate a good avail. The time end whitethorn be afterward 25-30 days.Business can look in good position without having any serious trouble in immediate payment, which whitethorn set them second.Trade Credit improve the cash flow and provide on the loose(p) platform for business.With the trade credit, business can strain on other argona like sales, marketing and other research.Trade credit is on tap(predicate) only with purchase of raw material or finished goods. The term and conditions of trade credit really keep in line to the custom and usage of trade.Disadvantages of Trade CreditIf repayments atomic number 18 not do by in time, the business will receive a very bad credit history. They will not trusted in the future, if your business require any lend or trade credit.If connection has a good credit history, it will get trade credit but these can be hard to build up for new business.Overdraft It is a common source of short term finance because of its tractability. When borrowed fund are not require longer time they can pay easily and quick. The risks to the lender are less thus a long term loan because it is very cheap.2When a bank allows its depositionors or account holders to shoot money in excess of the balance in his account upto a specified limit, it is known as overdraft facility. This limit is granted purely on the basis of credit-worthiness of the borrower.Advantages of OverdraftFlexible 3 An overdraft is at that place when you need it and cost is zero (in case of midget fee) when you do not need. It allows you to make essential payments whilst chasing up your own payments, and helps to make up cash flow.Quick It is very easy and quick to arrange, providing a good cash flow escort with the minimum of fuss.It allow to make essential payment whilst chasing up your own payment and help to observe cash flow. You completely need to borrow what you need at that time.Disadvantages of OverdraftCost Sometimes i t play very gameer touch enume rolls and fees therefore loan. This makes them very expensive.Recall The bank can take back the entire overdraft total at any time if you consent broken terms and conditions or it may happen if you fail to make other payment. hostage Overdraft may need to be secured against your business pluss, which adjust them at risk if you fail in repayment.Bill Discounting Some bank provide short-term loan by discounting bill of exchange. In such cases bank take time take away discount while devising payment. The sum of discount is generally equal to the measurement of elicit for the remaining period of payment. The advantages and disadvantages from this source are following.4When these papers is presented beforehand the bank for discounting, banks credit the bar to customers account after deducting discount. The total of discount is equal to the amount of interest for the period of bill.Advantages of Bill DiscountingAvailability of cash T he drawer gets cash immediately by the discounting bill. He does not have to wait for the payment until the expiry of credit period mansion on the bill.Security Bank usually do not ask for any other security while making payment against the bill discounted. However if customer is interested, banks also grant him limit for discounting of bill. This limit is identify as a limit against discounting bill.Nature of obligation for repayment Repayment of money advanced against discounted bill is the duty of the drawee of bill of exchange. In case drawee does not pay or refuse the pay, the drawer who got payment after discounting the bill is held responsible for payment.Disadvantages of Bill DiscountingAdvance payment of interest While discounting a bill, bank deduct the discount and balance is credited in customers account. This discount is identical to the amount of interest for the remaining period of payment. so a person receiving money through discounting of bill has to offer ad vance interest on the amount of bill.Facility is subject to the parties credit Normally banks extend this facility after being genial with the credit of parties conglomerate. Bank may be ask for some security. So, it is not a easy available facility.Problem when non-payment Bills not paid upon maturity are to be certified by nonary humans and a certain amount in the form of nothing is paid. thereof it became an additional burden.Customers Advances The advance make by the customer against the value of order placed. Thus the remaining amount of goods to be supplied later. Let see more details about the advantages and limitations.Advantages of Customers Advances bet Free Amount offered as advance is interest free. and so the funds are available without any involving problem.No Security The seller is not required to deposit any major security while demanding advance from the customer. Thus assets remain free of stimulate.Repayment Ones money received in advance will not be refunded. Hence there are no procedures for repayment.Disadvantages of Customers AdvancesLimited amount Amount received from a customer is subject to the value of order. Borrowers demand may be more then the advance amount.Limited Period The period of advance amount is only up to the delivery goods. It cannot be renewed.Penalty Normally advances are subject to the condition that if goods are not delivered on time then order would be cancelled and advance amount would be refunded with interest.Instalment Credit Instalment credit is a system under which a small payment is do at the time of taking the goods and remaining amount is paid in instalment. Generally instalment amount is including of interest. The advantages and limitations of this system are as underAdvantages of Instalment CreditOwnership of asset Delivery of good is assured immediately on payment of downward(a) payment.Convenient payment of assets Costly assets which can not purchase directly with full payment can be purchase by instalment payment. sparing of one time investment If the price of asset is high and lumpsum amount is made then the business fund are blocked. In this case instalment credit leads to saving of one time investment. more facility for business If the facility of payment in instalment is available then business steadfast can afford to by new furniture, machinery or other necessary things. Thus, your business reputation looked in good condition by instalment credit.Disadvantages of Instalment Credit load for payment Payment in instalment is a commitment. So you have to pay your instalment in whatever condition of your business. indispensable to pay interest Payment of interest is necessary in this system. Generally sellers charge very high order of interest.More interest If buyer fail to pay the instalment, seller sometimes impose penalisation or additional interest.Loan from Co-operative bank Co-operatives banks are good source of short-term finance. Membership is the main(a) condition for securing loan in this bank. This bank grant loans for personal and business determinations too. The advantages and limitations of this bank are as underAdvantages of Loan from Co-operative bankThese loans create a sense of thrift among the low-income group.Being a extremity of co-operative bank, the borrower can participate in the management.Loan generally granted at a lower rate of interest.Loan from this banks are easily available.Loans are given for good purposes that help to develop the financial and fond status of the people.Sometimes these banks organise training program for member to familiars them with the various avenues of the business and regarding proper example of loan money.Disadvantages of Loan from Co-operative bankThese loans are available only to members.Loan from this bank is available only for limited purposes.Co-operative banks depend on the supports of the government. So, government rules and regulations sometimes may be makes in trouble to the borrowers.These bank find it difficult to ensure repayment of loan money due to inadequate information about the need and utilisation of fund by the borrower. There is little scrutiny of the repaying capacity of the loan seeker at the time of granting loan.Medium Term Source of FinanceDefinitionMedium term source of finance center fund does not require more then 3 years. Normally medium term funds are require by business for repairing and maintenance of machinery or other equipment. So firm get this finance from bank or other kind of source.Medium term source of financeLeasingPublic DepositMortgageLeasing Leasing is the method of capital funding requirement. Leasing based on the master(prenominal) that income is earned from the use of an asset. The advantages and limitations of leasing are followingAdvantages of LeasingReduced initial cash flow The big advantage of leasing equipment is that the cost is spread over a number of years. You have not to pay the enti re amount upfront. This can help to maintain cash flow. Poor cash flow is the main cause of small business and leasing can help you to keep it under better control.Budgeting Normally this is a inflexible contract. So the amount can be worked into your business budget much more easily.Tax Advantages ask rentals are considered as an operating cost. So it is possible to deduct them from tax incomeable simoleons. However, before the contract you should always check the equipment you are buy is eligible or not.Security When you lease the product, you are not proprietor of this product. It means the leasing company gives better security. You dont need any further security to be able to start a contract.Disadvantages of LeasingNo proprietorship Main disadvantage is that you are not the owner of the product. It means the leasing company is the owner during and after the lease. As you do not own the product, you are unable to sell it in the typesetters case it is no longer needed, a nd you cannot upgrade to a newer or better product without all paying off the remaining contract, or paying a large fee to cancel the contract.No sell As you are not owner of the product, you can not sell it. If you do not longer needed, you have to pay large fee to cancel the contract.Termination Leases are very difficult to terminate early.Long term expense Although leasing allow you to avoid paying a large amount, but after a long time it works out considerably more expensive. Over the period of standard lease, you pay the actual cost of product and other charges.Maintenance You are responsible for maintenance of the product. If you have not trained employee to fix the equipment, this could be more costly in the serious fault. Some leasing company will allow you to cover maintenance cost but you have to pay some extra amount.Commitment Once you signed a lease contract, you are committed to making payment for the entire lease period even you stop using a property.Public Depo sit It is very old and humans source of finance. When modern banks were not established, people used to deposit their saving with reputed business. The maturity period for public deposit is minimum 6 months and maximum 3 years. The advantages and disadvantages of public deposit are followingAdvantages of Public DepositEasy to deposit The method of borrow money from public is very easy. It does not require many legal formalities. It has to be advertised to be newspaper.Easily available If companies have good reputation, they are able to obtain funds directly from public without any more financial difficulties.Income tax purpose Interest paid on this deposit is a deductible expenses for income tax.Fix rate The rate of interest on this deposit is fixed, it helps the company to play occupation on equity, if the company is earning more then the rate of interest paid on public deposit.Flexibility Public deposit bring more flexibility in the structure of the capital of the compa ny. These can be recruit when needed and refunded when not needed.Disadvantages of Public DepositInsecurity Public deposits have no charge on the assets of the company. So it may be not safe to deposit saving in those companies which are not very popular.Uneconomical The rate of interest paid on public deposit may be low but there are other expenses like commission, which make it uneconomical.Short period Public deposits are available mainly for short period. So company cannot depend on it for a long time.Misuse The management may revilement your deposit. So in this case it is not secure.Bad effect on capital market It is an easy and cheaper source of raising money. Thus, more money deposited with the companies, there will be less investment in securities. Hence the capital market will not grow.Mortgage A mortgage is a loan specially for the purchase of property. The borrower can use theirs own property as security for the loan. The advantages and limitations of mortgage ar e followingAdvantages of MortgageTax advantage The interest payment on the mortgage are tax deductible.Good cash flow With the use of mortgage, you are able to access to capital that you would not normally have access with nominal up-front payment and the flexibility in management of repayment plan.Cash flow management Mortgage plan are pre-set, so you can make plan for future cash management.Disadvantages of MortgageCollateral The nature of a mortgage require you to pledge the purchased property to the lender. When the mortgage is repaid, the owner is obligated to release the mortgage and is require to make available any government formalities.Defaults The lender may define a variety of instances that will constitute a default on the mortgage, including failure to make any payment on time, bankruptcy, insolvency and breaches of any obligations in the mortgage agreement. Try to negotiate an advance write notice of any alleged default, with a reasonable amount of time to cure the default.Long Term Source of FinanceDefinitionLong-term source of finance are those that are need over a longer period of time. Generally time duration may be more then 5 years. Long-term finance are needed for fund expansion, set up new office, buying new business or fixed assets like furniture, building, machinery, land etc. Funds require for this business is called long-term finance. The amounts of long-term capital depend upon the scale of business and nature of business.Following various sources of long-term finance and advantages and disadvantages of each source.Long-term source of financeSharesEquity SharePreference ShareDebenturesRetained EarningCommercial Bank LoanBorrowingShares Shares is the main source of long-term finance. The joint stock companies trim shares to the general public. These shareholders are the owners of the company. There are two types of shares (1) Equity Share (2) Preference Share. Company divides its capital into units of particular value like 10 each or 200 each. Each unit is called share.Equity Share Dividend on these shares is paid after the fixed rate of dividend has been paid on the sense of taste share. The rate of dividend is not fixed because it is depend upon the profit available. The equity shareholders control the affairs of the company and have an illimitable interest in the companys profit. The advantages and disadvantages of equity share are followingAdvantages of Equity Share For Shareholders Income Profit The equity shareholders are the residual claimants of the profit. The company may add to the profit by trading on equity. Thus equity capital may get dividend at high in good period.Rights Equity shareholders have right for balloting to right persons as directors who can control and manage the affairs of the company.Transferable These shares are transferable units.The value of equity share goes up in the stock market with increase in profit of the concern.Advantages of Equity Share 5For Limited Comp any A company can raised fixed capital by takings equity shares without creating any charge on its fixed assets.The capital raised by issuing equity shares is not required to be paid back during the life time of the company. It will be paid back only if the company is wound up.There is no liability on the company regarding payment of dividend on equity shares. The company may declare dividend only, if there are enough clams.If a company raise more capital by issuing equity shares, it leads to great confidence among the investors and creditors.Disadvantages of Equity Share For Shareholders Irregular income The dividend on equity share is subject to availability of profit. If there are preference shareholders, they get first dividend before equity shareholders. Equity shareholders may get no dividend if company has not enough profit.Capital loss During recession period, the profit of the company come down and the rate of dividend also come down. Due to low rate of dividend the m arket value of equity shares goes down resulting in a capital loss to the investors.Dilution in control Each sale of equity shares dilutes the voting power of the existing equity shareholders. Equity shares are transferable and may bring about centralisation power in few hands.Impossible trading If equity shares alone are issued, the company cannot trade on equity.Over capitalisation If company issue more equity shares may result in over capitalisation. In that condition dividend per share is low which make bad effect on investor. game cost It cost more to finance with equity shares then with other securities as the selling cost and underwriting commission are paid at a high rate on the issue of these shares.guess Equity shares of good companies are subject to hectic speculation in the stock market. Their prices change often which are not in the interest of the company.Disadvantages of Equity Share 6For Limited Company No trading on equity Trading on equity means ability of a company to raise fund through preference shares, unsecured bonds and bank loan etc. On such funds the company has to pay at a fixed rate. This enables equity shareholders to enjoy a higher rate of go past when profits are large. The major part of the profit earned is paid to the equity shareholders because borrowed funds carry only a fixed rate of interest. But if a company has only equity shares and does not have their preference shares, debentures or loans, it can not have the advantage of trading on equity. appointment of interests As the equity share holders carry voting rights, groups are formed to corner the votes and grab the control of the company. There develops conflict of interest which is harmful for the smooth functioning of a company.Preference Share rising capital by issue of these shares is a most important method of rising long-term funds. Preference shares are the shares, which carry initial rights over the equity shares. These shares are receiving dividend at a fixed rate. all shareholders gets dividend regularly. The advantages and disadvantages of preference share are followingAdvantages of Preference ShareFixed income The dividend payable on preference shares is on fixed rank even if there is no profit.First right Preference shareholders have first right to get dividend. Thus they enjoy the minimum risk.Less capital losses As the initial right of repayment of their capital in case of winding up he company, it saves them from capital losses.Fair security Preference share are fair security for the shareholders during low period when profit of the company are down.Disadvantages of Preference ShareNo Voting right Preference shareholders have no any voting rights in the company.Fixed income The dividend payable on preference shares is on fixed rates even if the company earns higher profit.No claim on surplus amount The shareholders have no rights to claim on surplus amount. They can only ask for the capital investment in the c ompany.Not secure They cannot be secure on the companys assets.Debentures Whenever company want to borrow a large amount of money for long but fixed period, it can borrow from the general public by issuing loan certificate called debenture. The holders of the debentures are the creditors of the company. The total amount is divided into units of fixed amount. These are offered to the genera public to carry in the same manner as in done in the case of share. A debenture is issued under the common seal of the company. It is a written acknowledgment of money borrowed. For example, if company need 5,000,000 for 10 years, it will issued debentures. Each cost of debenture may be 100.Advantages of DebenturesCreditors Debenture holders are the creditors of the company.Allowing control over the company Debenture holders have no right either to vote or take part in the management of the company.Reliable Source These are repayable after a fixed period of time, the company can make the bes t use of money. It helps long term planning.Tax benefit Interest paid on debenture is treated as a expense and is charged to the profit of the company. Thus the company saves income tax.Safety Debenture are more secure. When the company is winding up, they are repayable before any payment is made to the shareholders.Disadvantages of DebenturesMore finance more difficulty Debenture finance enables a company to trade on equity. But more finance leaves little for shareholders, as most of the profits may be require paying interest on debentures.Burden in time of depression During depression time the profit of the company decline. It may be difficult to pay interest on debenture. As interest goes on accumulating, it may lead to the closure of the company.Cant borrow money Usually debentures are secure. The company creates a charge on its assets in favour of debenture holders. So the company, which does not have own enough assets, they cannot borrow money by issuing debentures.Burden As the interest on debenture have to be paid every year whether there are profits or loss. It becomes burden in case of company incurs loses.Retained Earning The part of the profit which is not distributed among the shareholders but is kept up(p) and is used in business is called retained earning. As per Indian company Act. Companies are require to transfer a part of their profit in stand-ins. The amount so kept in reserve may be used to buy fixed assets. This is called internal financing.Advantages of Retained EarningCheap There are no expenses behind earning capital from this source. There is no obligation on the part of the company either to pay interest or pay back the money. It can safely used for business.Financial stability A company which has enough reserves can face ups and downs in business. Such companies can stay on with their business even in depression, thus building up its goodwill.Good for shareholders Shareholders may get dividend out of reserves if the co mpany does not earn enough profit. Due to reserve, there is capital appreciation, i.e. the value of shares go up in the share market.Disadvantages of Retained EarningIf Huge profit This method of financing is possible only then there are huge profits and that too for many years.Dissatisfaction When funds accumulate in reserves, bonus shares are issued to the shareholders to capitalise such funds. Hence the company has to pay more dividend. By retained earning the real capital does not increase while the liability increases. In case bonus shares are not issued, it may create a situation of under-capitalisation because the rate of dividend will be much higher as compared to other companies.Monopoly Through ploughing back of profits, companies increase their financial strength. Companies may throw out their competitors from the market and monopolize their position.Mis-management of funds Capital accumulated through retained earnings encourages management to cut down carelessly.Com mercial Bank Loan Some commercial banks giving loans for a long period. i.e. for more than ten year. The period of repayment of long is all-embracing at intervals long period. Commercial banks provide long term finance to small scale units in the priority sector.Advantages of Commercial Banks Loan7It is a flexible source of finance as loans can be repaid when the need is met.Finance is available for a definite period, therefore it is not a permanent burden.Banks keep the financial operations of their clients secret.Less time and cost is involved as compared to issue of shares, debentures etc.Banks do not interfere in the internal affairs of the borrowing concern, hence the management retains the control of the company.Loans can be paid-back in easy installments.In case of small(a) industries and industries in villages and backward areas, the interest charged is low.Disadvantages of Commercial Banks Loan Banks require personal guarantee or pledge of assets and business cannot rai se further loans on these assets.In case the short-term loans are extended again and again, there is always uncertainty about this continuity.Too many formalities are to be fulfilled for getting term loans from banks. These formalities make the borrowings from banks time consuming and inconvenient.Borrowing 8 nigh business rely on borrowings as well as equity to finance operations. Lenders enter into a contract with the business in which the rate of interest, dates of interest payment, capital payments and security far the borrowing are clearly stated. In the event that the interest payment or capital payments are net made on the due dates, the lender will usually have the right, under the terms of the contract, to seize the asset on which the loan is secured and sell them in order to reply the amount outstanding, security for loan may take the form at a fixed charge on particular assets at the business or a floating charge on the whole at its assets. A floating charge will float over the assets and will only fix on particular assets in the event that the business defaults on its borrowing obligations.Advantages of Borrowing9Local savers may provide less costly funds an important habit among clients and the public is rewarded.Lower interest loans provide experience for the company in borrowed fundsLocal bank become familiar with micro and small enterprise potentials.Access to larger sums more quickly based on track record.Allow longer term projections than grantsProvides a discipline similar to that of micro and small enterprise clients.Disadvantages of Borrowing Too many subsidized loans can retard run to market rate.Loans may be dollarized in inflationary situation.Local banks may not be unbidden to be cooperative.